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Japanese history
What was the reality of rural life and labor in the Edo period? From ancient documents and diaries, we analyzed the existence of various villages and various farmers, such as the structure of peasant villages, hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu) who wanted to increase their nengu (land tax) and farmers who opposed it, toji's network of migrant workers from Echigo Province, the reality of farming while working, etc. We understood their feelings and clarified their behavioral principles. We will cast a stone on the current state of modern history research, which is fluctuating from the field of rural history.